Perspective​ ​A

Oxford​ ​dictionary​ ​defines​ ​rote​ ​learning​ ​as​ ​“the​ ​process​ ​of​ ​learning​ ​something​ ​by repeating​ ​it​ ​until​ ​you​ ​remember​ ​it​ ​rather​ ​than​ ​by​ ​understanding​ ​the​ ​meaning​ ​of​ ​it”​ ​.​ ​In​ ​rote learning​ ​there​ ​are​ ​several​ ​advantages.The​ ​teaching​ ​style​ ​is​ ​teacher​ ​driven​ ​rather​ ​than​ ​being led​ ​by​ ​the​ ​students’​ ​questions.​ ​During​ ​the​ ​class​ ​students​ ​are​ ​more​ ​passive​ ​in​ ​learning​ ​due​ ​to the​ ​teaching​ ​style,​ ​the​ ​teacher​ ​feeds​ ​learners​ ​with​ ​information​ ​which​ ​requires​ ​to​ ​think​ ​and understand​ ​less.​ ​This​ ​type​ ​of​ ​learning​ ​gives​ ​quick​ ​results​ ​and​ ​it​ ​is​ ​tested​ ​by​ ​immediate assessments.​ ​According​ ​to​ ​the​ ​book​ ​called​ ​“Improve​ ​Exam​ ​Results:​ ​Tested​ ​Technique​ ​for Passing​ ​Exams​ ​or​ ​Tests​ ​By​ ​Dr.​ ​Subhash​ ​Thaker​ ​affirms​ ​that​ ​“​ ​rote​ ​learning​ ​can​ ​be​ ​observed in​ ​preparing​ ​quickly​ ​for​ ​exams,​ ​a​ ​technique​ ​which​ ​may​ ​be​ ​colloquially​ ​referred​ ​to​ ​as “​cramming​”.​ ​An​ ​example​ ​is​ ​when​ ​a​ ​someone​ ​is​ ​required​ ​to​ ​learn​ ​the​ ​script​ ​for​ ​a​ ​play​ ​when​ ​it must​ ​be​ ​performed,​ ​this​ ​type​ ​of​ ​learning​ ​is​ ​more​ ​likely​ ​that​ ​the​ ​brain​ ​does​ ​not​ ​keep​ ​the information​ ​for​ ​long​ ​term-memory​ ​because​ ​the​ ​topic​ ​which​ ​the​ ​student​ ​is​ ​learning​ ​is​ ​not connected​ ​with​ ​meaningful​ ​and​ ​real​ ​life​ ​situations.​ ​A​ ​second​ ​great​ ​example​ ​of​ ​this knowledge​ ​is​ ​when​ ​a​ ​student​ ​need​ ​to​ ​memorise​ ​the​ ​multiplication​ ​and​ ​periodic​ ​table​ ​in​ ​order to​ ​remember​ ​the​ ​sequences​ ​and​ ​the​ ​symbols.

Rote​ ​learning​ ​is​ ​based​ ​on​ ​a​ ​traditional​ ​style,​ ​and​ ​goes​ ​back​ ​to​ ​the​ ​original behaviourist​ ​theory​ ​which​ ​is​ ​learned​ ​through​ ​operant​ ​and​ ​classical​ ​conditions.​ ​For​ ​example, in​ ​primary​ ​education​ ​the​ ​teachers​ ​gives​ ​rewards​ ​to​ ​those​ ​students​ ​who​ ​behave​ ​correctly,​ ​this means​ ​respect​ ​between​ ​each​ ​other,​ ​raising​ ​the​ ​hands​ ​when​ ​someone​ ​wants​ ​to​ ​talk,​ ​being​ ​quiet in​ ​class,​ ​etc.​ ​​​Sometimes,​ ​​​teachers​ ​also​ ​use​ ​conditioning​ ​to​ ​punish​ ​their​ ​students​ ​through positive​ ​and​ ​negative​ ​reinforcements.​ ​A​ ​students​ ​environment​ ​plays​ ​a​ ​big​ ​role​ ​influencing​ ​on their​ ​learnt​ ​behaviour​ ​this​ ​is​ ​an​ ​example​ ​of​ ​traditional​ ​education​ ​in​ ​Spain.

Perspective​ ​B:

According​ ​to​ ​Dictionary.com​ ​inquiry​ ​learning​ ​is​ ​defined​ ​as​ ​“the​ ​act​ ​of​ ​inquiring​ ​or​ ​of seeking​ ​information​ ​by​ ​questioning;​ ​interrogation.”​ ​It​ ​helps​ ​the​ ​students​ ​to​ ​be​ ​part​ ​of​ ​their own​ ​learning.​ ​Also,​ ​it​ ​is​ ​helping​ ​the​ ​students​ ​to​ ​develop​ ​their​ ​critical​ ​thinking​ ​and​ ​increase their​ ​creativity.​ ​Inquiry​ ​allows​ ​the​ ​students​ ​to​ ​learn​ ​subjects​ ​or​ ​topics​ ​in​ ​depth​ ​on​ ​the environment​ ​where​ ​the​ ​learners​ ​can​ ​feel​ ​comfortable​ ​to​ ​share​ ​ideas.​ ​When​ ​the​ ​topics​ ​are related​ ​to​ ​real​ ​life​ ​situation​ ​this​ ​encourage​ ​and​ ​motivated​ ​students​ ​to​ ​be​ ​more​ ​interested​ ​in​ ​a topic​ ​which​ ​it​ ​makes​ ​the​ ​learning​ ​much​ ​more​ ​easier.​ ​In​ ​order​ ​to​ ​make​ ​the​ ​students​ ​think, teachers​ ​ask​ ​specific​ ​questions​ ​such​ ​as​ ​“What​ ​do​ ​you​ ​know​ ​about…?​ ​“What​ ​questions​ ​do​ ​you have​ ​about…”​ ​“What​ ​would​ ​you​ ​like​ ​to​ ​learn​ ​more​ ​about?​ ​Why?​ ​(Wilson​ ​&​ ​Win​ ​Jan,​ ​2009).

Students​ ​are​ ​more​ ​likely​ ​to​ ​retain​ ​information​ ​if​ ​it​ ​is​ ​learnt​ ​through​ ​taking​ ​ownership after​ ​their​ ​own​ ​learning,​ ​they​ ​develop​ ​a​ ​sense​ ​of​ ​responsibility​ ​and​ ​curiosity​ ​based​ ​on research​ ​of​ ​a​ ​topic.​ ​Students​ ​learn​ ​best​ ​when​ ​the​ ​issue​ ​is​ ​meaningful,​ ​this​ ​means​ ​that​ ​it​ ​is related​ ​to​ ​their​ ​experiences​ ​and​ ​it​ ​is​ ​more​ ​fun​ ​to​ ​learn.​ ​Also,​ ​inquiry​ ​allows​ ​collaboration​ ​to the​ ​students​ ​which​ ​is​ ​teamwork.​ ​Collaboration​ ​is​ ​important​ ​on​ ​inquiry​ ​based​ ​learning​ ​because students​ ​can​ ​teach​ ​and​ ​learn​ ​from​ ​others​ ​through​ ​communication,​ ​and​ ​it​ ​“Helps​ ​develop deeper​ ​understanding​ ​of​ ​subjects”​ ​(Youthlearn,​ ​2017). In​ ​the​ ​21st​ ​Century​ ​learners,​ ​teachers​ ​build​ ​toward​ ​student-driven​ ​inquiry​ ​by​ ​helping their​ ​students​ ​to​ ​solve​ ​problems​ ​by​ ​expanding​ ​their​ ​questions​ ​with​ ​a​ ​series​ ​of​ ​classes.Students expand​ ​four​ ​main​ ​generic​ ​skills​ ​like​ ​research,​ ​thinking,​ ​analysis,​ ​and​ ​social​ ​skills.​ ​This​ ​style of​ ​teaching​ ​empower​ ​students​ ​to​ ​ask​ ​questions,​ ​clarify​ ​different​ ​issues,​ ​values​ ​and​ ​attitudes through​ ​their​ ​understanding.Teachers​ ​are​ ​aware​ ​that​ ​each​ ​student​ ​has​ ​an​ ​individual​ ​learning styles​ ​depending​ ​on​ ​their​ ​needs,​ ​abilities,​ ​values.​ ​During​ ​the​ ​learning​ ​teachers​ ​try​ ​to​ ​keep students​ ​interested​ ​on​ ​the​ ​task​ ​so​ ​they​ ​are​ ​motivate​ ​to​ ​do​ ​work.​ ​Also,​ ​teachers​ ​are​ ​flexible​ ​of the​ ​students’​ ​interests​ ​(not​ ​everyone​ ​interest​ ​is​ ​the​ ​same).​ ​In​ ​addition,​ ​teachers​ ​challenge​ ​their students​ ​to​ ​get​ ​a​ ​better​ ​understanding​ ​by​ ​exploring​ ​a​ ​range​ ​of​ ​perspectives​ ​and​ ​the​ ​world​ ​such as​ ​culture,​ ​technology,​ ​music,​ ​etc.

Quote: “Learn to value yourself, which means: fight for your happiness.” __ Ayn Rand

According​ ​to​ ​Dictionary.​ ​com​ ​education​ ​is​ ​defined​ ​as​ ​“​ ​the​ ​act​ ​or​ ​process​ ​of​ ​imparting or​ ​acquiring​ ​general​ ​knowledge,​ ​developing​ ​the​ ​powers​ ​of​ ​reasoning​ ​and​ ​judgment,​ ​and generally​ ​of​ ​preparing​ ​oneself​ ​or​ ​others​ ​intellectually​ ​for​ ​mature​ ​life.”​ ​​​In​ ​order​ ​to​ ​develop students​ ​learning​ ​teachers​ ​drive​ ​the​ ​process​ ​of​ ​education​ ​through​ ​literacy,​ ​mathematics, science,​ ​history,​ ​and​ ​arts.​ ​In​ ​this​ ​investigation​ ​there​ ​is​ ​a​ ​focus​ ​on​ ​two​ ​main​ ​pedagogies​ ​which one​ ​is​ ​a​ ​traditional​ ​method​ ​​​such​ ​as​ ​rote​ ​learning​ ​and​ ​the​ ​other​ ​is​ ​inquiry​ ​based.​ ​The​ ​aim​ ​of this​ ​investigation​ ​is​ ​to​ ​understand​ ​the​ ​two​ ​teaching​ ​methodologies​ ​by​ ​comparing​ ​and contrasting​ ​each​ ​perspective.​ ​This​ ​has​ ​been​ ​investigated​ ​through​ ​research​ ​and​ ​work experience​ ​through​ ​a​ ​variety​ ​of​ ​educational​ ​setting.

Overall,​ ​this​ ​project​ ​was​ ​to​ ​recognise​ ​the​ ​importance​ ​of​ ​both​ ​teaching​ ​styles​ ​based​ ​in Spain​ ​and​ ​Hong​ ​Kong,​ ​and​ ​how​ ​they​ ​changed​ ​within​ ​the​ ​21st​ ​century​ ​preparing​ ​students​ ​for the​ ​21st​ ​century​ ​world.​ ​Traditional​ ​teaching​ ​is​ ​still​ ​relevant​ ​to​ ​our​ ​current​ ​time​ ​as​ ​a​ ​stepping stone​ ​to​ ​inquiry​ ​based​ ​learning.​ ​With​ ​basic​ ​knowledge​ ​taught,​ ​rote​ ​teaching​ ​provides​ ​students with​ ​background​ ​information​ ​to​ ​develop​ ​their​ ​critical​ ​thinking​ ​skill​ ​through​ ​inquiry.

Ethical​ ​Issue

The​ ​introduction​ ​of​ ​technology​ ​in​ ​the​ ​21st​ ​century​ ​has​ ​advanced​ ​education​ ​in​ ​many ways​ ​such​ ​as​ ​communication,​ ​teaching​ ​and​ ​learning.​ ​Today’s​ ​society​ ​focus​ ​on​ ​creativity, problem​ ​solving,​ ​innovation,​ ​cultural​ ​awareness,​ ​exploration,​ ​leadership,​ ​etc.​ ​These​ ​are​ ​the necessary​ ​skills​ ​to​ ​prepare​ ​students​ ​in​ ​the​ ​future.​​ ​​According​ ​to​ ​the​ ​video​ ​by​ ​EF​ ​Education first​ ​(international​ ​education)​ ​46%​ ​of​ ​teachers​ ​say​ ​their​ ​homework​ ​requires​ ​technology,​ ​and 94%​ ​of​ ​students​ ​say​ ​they​ ​use​ ​technology​ ​to​ ​do​ ​homework”.

In​ ​order​ ​for​ ​students​ ​to​ ​success​ ​in​ ​future​ ​learnings,​ ​schools​ ​should​ ​provide​ ​academic studies​ ​at​ ​higher​ ​education​ ​using​ ​the​ ​21st​ ​century​ ​key​ ​subjects​ ​like​ ​government​ ​and​ ​civics, arts,​ ​economics,mathematics,​ ​international​ ​languages​ ​(​ ​eg.​ ​English​ ​),​ ​health​ ​and​ ​science.​ ​This way,​ ​it​ ​will​ ​prepare​ ​students​ ​for​ ​complex​ ​life​ ​and​ ​work​ ​environments​ ​nowadays​ ​and​ ​future lifestyles.​ ​In​ ​addition,​ ​students​ ​must​ ​be​ ​able​ ​to​ ​gain​ ​access​ ​to​ ​quick​ ​changes​ ​in​ ​technology​ ​by using​ ​literacy​ ​such​ ​as​ ​media,​ ​ICT,​ ​and​ ​information.​ ​It​ ​is​ ​essential​ ​for​ ​students​ ​to​ ​be​ ​focus​ ​on 4 creativity,​ ​and​ ​critical​ ​thinking,​ ​communication​ ​for​ ​future​ ​careers​ ​to​ ​be​ ​open​ ​and​ ​repons​ ​to new​ ​and​ ​variety​ ​of​ ​perspectives,​ ​and​ ​understand​ ​the​ ​limits​ ​of​ ​real​ ​globe​ ​by​ ​adopting​ ​new concepts.​ ​In​ ​2002​ ​there​ ​were​ ​several​ ​jobs​ ​that​ ​didn’t​ ​even​ ​exist​ ​yet,​ ​for​ ​example​ ​social​ ​media strategist,​ ​Elder​ ​care​ ​Coordinator,​ ​telework​ ​manager,​ ​app​ ​developers​ ​etc.

Preparing​ ​students​ ​for​ ​the​ ​21st​ ​century​ ​means​ ​to​ ​move​ ​forward​ ​along​ ​with​ ​the advantages​ ​of​ ​technology.​ ​Therefore,​ ​the​ ​world​ ​of​ ​education​ ​won’t​ ​fall​ ​behind.​ ​Teachers​ ​in the​ ​21st​ ​are​ ​required​ ​to​ ​plays​ ​a​ ​lot​ ​of​ ​roles​ ​for​ ​instance​ ​they​ ​need​ ​to​ ​be​ ​a​ ​mentor,​ ​motivators, and​ ​help​ ​the​ ​students​ ​to​ ​connect​ ​real​ ​life​ ​situation​ ​for​ ​problem​ ​solving.​ ​Technology​ ​in​ ​the 21st​ ​century​ ​is​ ​influencing​ ​education​ ​drastically.​ ​Both​ ​traditional​ ​school​ ​and​ ​inquiry​ ​based schools​ ​are​ ​developing​ ​their​ ​curriculum​ ​as​ ​the​ ​advancement​ ​of​ ​technology​ ​continues.​ ​As​ ​21st century​ ​learners​ ​students​ ​should​ ​be​ ​encouraged​ ​to​ ​develop​ ​creativity,​ ​think​ ​critically​ ​and know​ ​how​ ​to​ ​use​ ​technology​ ​efficiently​ ​as​ ​new​ ​jobs​ ​continue​ ​to​ ​come​ ​up​ ​in​ ​the​ ​future.

This​ ​issue​ ​has​ ​an​ ​ethical​ ​concern​ ​because​ ​not​ ​all​ ​students​ ​have​ ​the​ ​same​ ​opportunity. IB/​ ​Inquiry​ ​based​ ​curriculum​ ​are​ ​usually​ ​at​ ​private​ ​schools,​ ​which​ ​require​ ​a​ ​certain socioeconomic​ ​level​ ​of​ ​students.​ ​Therefore,​ ​not​ ​all​ ​students​ ​have​ ​the​ ​same​ ​opportunities.

Students​ ​benefit​ ​from​ ​having​ ​balance​ ​between​ ​inquiry​ ​and​ ​route​ ​learning. eliminating​ ​rote​ ​learning​ ​and​ ​only​ ​using​ ​inquiry​ ​based​ ​learning​ ​in​ ​the​ ​21st​ ​century​ ​in​ ​relation to​ ​the​ ​ethical​ ​dimensions​ ​of​ ​teaching​ ​methods,​ ​by​ ​not​ ​catering​ ​to​ ​all​ ​students​ ​learning​ ​needs. On​ ​the​ ​other​ ​hand,​ ​removing​ ​inquiry​ ​based​ ​learning​ ​deprives​ ​students​ ​from​ ​developing problem​ ​solving​ ​skills,​ ​thinking,​ ​and​ ​creativity.

Quote: ““Those who know, do. Those that understand, teach.” __ Aristotle